India’s gig economy has grown exponentially in recent years, driven by the rise of digital platforms like Uber, Zomato, and UrbanClap. These platforms offer flexible work opportunities for millions of people, from delivery drivers to freelance graphic designers. For many, the gig economy has become a critical source of income, especially in urban areas where traditional employment opportunities may be limited.

One of the major advantages of the gig economy is its flexibility. Workers can choose when and how much they want to work, which is particularly beneficial for students, women, and people with other caregiving responsibilities. The ease of entry into these platforms also allows workers from various educational backgrounds to find work, thereby increasing accessibility to income-generating opportunities.

However, the rapid expansion of the gig economy has also raised concerns about job security and worker rights. Gig workers are classified as independent contractors rather than employees, which means they do not receive benefits such as health insurance, paid leave, or retirement savings. This lack of social security has led to widespread calls for regulatory reform.

In response, the Indian government has taken steps to protect gig workers. The Code on Social Security, 2020, includes provisions for bringing gig and platform workers under the ambit of social security schemes. While this legislation is a positive step forward, its implementation remains a challenge.

The gig economy offers immense potential for livelihood generation in India. However, to ensure its long-term sustainability and fairness, there is a need for policies that provide gig workers with better protections, security, and benefits.